Two Orthodox Approaches to Vulnerability and the Exodus Narrative: The Stranger in the Writings of Irving Greenberg and Meir Kahane

Geoffrey D. Claussen, “Two Orthodox Approaches to Vulnerability and the Exodus Narrative: The Stranger in the Writings of Irving Greenberg and Meir Kahane,” Studies in Judaism, Humanities, and the Social Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1 (2018): 46–60.
This article, available online here, explores the depiction of the vulnerable “stranger” in the writings of two Orthodox rabbis, Irving Greenberg and Meir Kahane, in light of how they understand biblical discourse about the people of Israel’s experience as “strangers in the land of Egypt” and their liberation from slavery.  Greenberg, developing his theologically liberal Orthodoxy, emphasizes universal human dignity and the Jewish obligation to provide refuge, support, and empowerment for oppressed others.  Kahane, developing his supremacist and militant form of Orthodoxy, emphasizes how Jews are uniquely oppressed and vulnerable, as strangers, such that they need to be separated from non-Jews who threaten them by denying Jewish superiority.  The article analyzes how these two thinkers proceed from common assumptions, develop their arguments with reference to the biblical Exodus narrative, and dispute what it means to be a vulnerable stranger.